Book Publishing FAQ

Here are the answers to some questions frequently asked during the book publishing process

Step 1: Data

How do I copyright my work?
You actually already have your work copyrighted. It's an interesting twist of US law that states that every work is automatically copyrighted, whether you register it or not. You're claiming your work is your copyright when you agree to publish it on Lulu. According to US law, when you say it's yours, it is. Unless you really want it registered with the Federal government, it's already done.

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What is a copyright notice?
The copyright notice is a combination of the copyright year and the copyright information you enter in the Copyright Notice field. For example:

Copyright Year: 2005
Copyright Notice: by Grace Meadows. All rights reserved.

Results in this copyright notice:

© 2005 by Grace Meadows. All rights reserved.

The complete copyright notice will appear on the product detail page on Lulu.

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Will Lulu insert a copyright page in my book for me?
No. The copyright info you enter during the publishing process is for display on your book's product detail page on the Lulu website. You must design each page exactly as you would like it to appear in your book. Lulu will print what you upload.

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Can I publish fan fiction on Lulu?
No. Fan fiction, also known as "FanFic," is any work based on another creator's story, idea, or character (literally fiction written by a fan). For example, you might write an episode for one of your favorite TV shows, a short story based on characters in a novel you love, or an installment of a comic strip you enjoy.

If you are a FanFic creator, you probably do not have a commercial interest in publishing your work; you most likely just want to distribute it. That said, Lulu is a strong supporter of copyrights and does not allow fan fiction because FanFic authors generally do not have permission from the original author.

The Stanford Center for Internet & Society maintains a FanFic FAQ that explains many of the copyright and trademark issues surrounding Fan Fiction.

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What do the intended audience ratings mean?
Lulu doesn't have an independent rating board like the movie industry. It is up to you as a creator to designate the audience for whom your work is suitable. Maturity ratings are a guideline for people browsing Lulu, your potential customers. The maturity rating icon is part of the information displayed on your book's product details page.

Maturity ratings also affect what users can see while browsing. Registered Lulus set a content access level for their accounts. This is the highest maturity rating they want to see while browsing. Lulu won't display items that are marked at a higher level. When someone browses Lulu without logging in, they see Teen level. If you mark your work as Mature, only Lulus with a Mature content access level will see it listed and be able to purchase it.

From lowest to highest level of maturity, the ratings are

    Children Content is ideal for young children. Contains no material that parents would find objectionable.

    Everyone Content is suitable for people of all ages and tastes.

    Teen Content is suitable for persons ages 13 and older. May contain mild or strong language, mild violence, and/or suggestive themes.

    Mature Content is suitable for persons ages 17 and older. May include intense violence and language and mature sexual themes.

    Direct Access Content is restricted to customers you select. You will receive a web URL at the end of the publishing process. Send this link to the people you want to see and purchase your work. Direct Access content is not searchable on Lulu.

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How do I publish privately or control who sees my work?
Choose Direct Access as your intended audience if you would like to make your work available for sale but control who can purchase it. When you select Direct Access, you will receive a web URL at the end of the publishing process to send to the customers of your choice. Direct Access content is not searchable on Lulu.

In the last step of the publishing process, you will be given the option to make your work available only to you, the creator. This will allow you to view and purchase your work, but it will not be available for viewing or purchase by others.

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Can I use a pen name instead of my real name?
Yes. Simply enter the first and last name you would like to use in the Author field. Please keep in mind that you cannot change the author name after the book is published.

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How do I add another author to my book?
Follow these directions to add more authors to your book. Make sure to do this before completing the publishing process, as you cannot change the author(s) after the book is published.

  1. Enter the first author's name in Step 1: Data, then click Save & Continue.
  2. Click the PUBLISH tab to go to your Project List.
  3. Click the Revise icon next to your project. It should be in Draft status.
  4. Click on 1. BOOK DATA at the top of the page.
  5. Click the Revise icon next to the Author(s) field.
  6. To use any of the authors in your contact list, check the box next to a name and click USE CHECKED.
  7. Click CREATE NEW to add a new author.
  8. Enter the desired information and click SAVE.
  9. Click Save & Continue to go on with the publishing process.

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Step 2: Upload & Convert

What types of files can I upload?
We accept many file formats; they are listed below. Remember that you can upload a PDF that you create, which will result in a published version of your book that looks exactly as you intended. If you are uploading your document that is not a PDF, the Lulu converter opens your document and generates a PDF.

You can upload a file in any of these formats:

  • Microsoft Word
  • Rich Text Format
If you plan to upload your document for conversion to PDF, embed any separate images in your document before uploading. That is, save them with the document file. Do not include or link to them by reference.

 

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What is My Files and how do I use it?
My Files is an online repository for files you intend to use in your projects. With My Files, you can

  • Upload files from your computer to your Lulu account
  • Create single level directories (folders) for organizing files
  • Move files between folders with drag and drop
  • Delete files and empty subdirectories with drag and drop
During Step 2: Upload & Convert, you will see a button labeled BROWSE MY LULU FILES. Clicking this will create a pop-up window that shows My Files.

To add a file to My Files, click the Browse button in My Files. Browse your computer for the file you would like to add, then click the Upload button. The bar on the top left shows your disk usage, the amount of space your uploaded files occupy. My Files can store up to 5000MB.

You can add files to the project you are working on by dragging and dropping them on the Add to Project icon. When you're happy with the files you've added to your project from your repository, click the DONE button at the bottom to close the pop-up window. The publishing wizard will refresh to show the files you have added.

When you add files to your project using the UPLOAD FILE FROM MY PC button in the publishing wizard, you will be given the option to ADD CHECKED TO MY FILES. This button will save checked files to My Files for later use.

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How can I upload large files more quickly and easily?
You can use an FTP (File Transfer Protocol) client to upload large files (> 200MB), resume incomplete uploads, and upload large batches of files to My Files. The process is quite simple:

  1. Connect to ftpupload.lulu.com and use your Lulu login and password for authentication.
  2. Upload files and/or folders full of files.
  3. Once a file has been uploaded completely it is automatically moved into My Files. (NOTE: Successfully uploaded files will no longer show in your FTP client because they are now stored in My Files.)
Most web browsers (such as IE and Mozilla) have built-in FTP clients. You can access your FTP upload folder by using this URL: ftp://ftpupload.lulu.com/ When prompted for your login and password, enter the same login e-mail and password you use to access the Lulu website.

NOTE: If you are using Internet Explorer to access your FTP upload directory, you may get authentication failures when you use your e-mail address as your login. You have two options in this situation:

  1. Use a full-featured FTP client such as SmartFTP or FileZilla to upload your files.
  2. Use your storefront name instead of your e-mail as your login.

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How long will it take for Lulu to convert my file to a print-ready PDF?
Publishing your book may take considerable time: up to an hour or two in some cases. You can click NOTIFY ME to receive an e-mail when your document has finished converting.

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Step 3: Binding & Colors

What types of binding are available?

  • Perfect bound: A paperback book where the title and author's name are printed on the spine.
  • Saddle stitch: A stapled booklet.
  • PlastiCoil: A spiral bound book (like a spiral notebook).
IMPORTANT: If you plan to offer your book through global distribution channels, it must be at least 48 pages long with black & white printing. Books between 48 and 80 pages ordered through global distribution channels will be saddle-stitched; those over 80 pages will be perfect bound. If you are creating a multiple-volume set, each book will need a separate ISBN.

There are minimum and maximum page counts for each type of binding. Page counts vary, depending on whether your book will be ordered through Lulu or through global distribution channels.
Printer Binding Minimum Maximum Notes
Lulu Sizes
6" x 9"
8.5" x 11"
7.5" x 7.5"
Comic
Perfect 35 740 Your book should have 70-80 pages for text to appear on the spine. If it less than 35 pages, it will be saddle-stitched. If your book is more than 740 pages, publish it as a multiple-volume set.
Coil 1 470 Recommended for books less than 1" thick, between 48 and 470 pages.
Saddle stitch 1 88 Best for very thin books.
Landscape
9" x 7"
Perfect 32 500
Coil 1 470
Saddle stitch 1 64
Global Distribution Saddle stitch 48 80 Your page count should be divisible by 4. If it is not, the printer adds enough blank pages to the back of your book to make its page count divisible by 4.
Perfect 81 748

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Why am I not given all three binding options?
There are minimum and maximum page counts for each type of binding. If you uploaded a document with too many or too few pages to qualify for a particular type of binding, you will not be shown that option. See the table above for more information about minimum and maximum page counts.

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How much will my printed book cost?

Books purchased through Lulu
Binding Types
Perfect Bound

Saddle Stitch

PlastiCoil
6" x 9"
Binding Fee $4.53 $4.53 $4.53
B&W Per Page $0.02 $0.02 $0.02
Color Per Page $0.15 $0.15 $0.15
8.5" x 11"
Binding Fee $4.53 $4.53 $4.53
B&W Per Page $0.02 $0.02 $0.02
Color Per Page $0.15 $0.15 $0.15
Comic, 6.625" x 10.25"
Binding Fee $4.53 $3.00 N/A
B&W Per Page $0.02 $0.11
Color Per Page $0.15 $0.15
Landscape, 9" x 7"
Binding Fee $4.53 $4.53 $4.53
B&W Per Page $0.02 $0.02 $0.02
Color Per Page $0.15 $0.15 $0.15
Square, 7.5" x 7.5"
Binding Fee $4.53 $4.53 $4.53
B&W Per Page $0.02 $0.02 $0.02
Color Per Page $0.15 $0.15 $0.15

IMPORTANT: The cost of color books (available only for books purchased through Lulu) is significantly more than black & white books. When you select color printing (the Full Color option on the Publish Book page), you are charged $.15 for every page in the book, not just pages with color. The printing costs for a 200-page book would be $34.53 ($30.00 printing + $4.53 setup).

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Step 4: Cover Art
See the Book Cover FAQ for cover requirements you should know before publishing. If you would like to work on your cover later, click the PUBLISH tab to leave the publishing process. Your book is saved in Draft status. When you are ready, go back and refine your cover options. In your Project List, click your book's Revise icon to return to Step 4: Cover Art.

What types of files can I upload for my book cover(s)?
You have two options for uploading your book cover. You may upload separate front and back covers, or you may upload a single one-piece (wrap-around) cover. Cover files that are uploaded separately must be JPG, GIF or PNG files of at least 300dpi in RGB color mode. One-piece (wrap-around) cover files must be PDF. You may not use a Word document as your cover.

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How do I use the Lulu Cover Gallery?
If you would like to use an image from the Lulu Cover Gallery for your front or back cover, click a Choose Gallery Image button. Click the Use as Cover link under the image of your choice.

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Can I use a one-piece (wrap-around) cover?
Yes. Lulu offers advanced users the ability to upload one-piece (wrap-around) covers. To use this feature, click the Upload my own one-piece cover (Advanced) link on the first page of the cover wizard.

Your one-piece cover file must be a PDF. Unlike separate front and back covers, the one-piece cover uploader will not accept image files. The correct dimensions of your cover will be given during the cover stage in the publishing process. We will take into account the number of pages in your book as well as the trim size. Please make sure you match these dimensions or your cover will not be accepted. If you have already prepared your manuscript and know its size and page count, you can use this spine size calculator to calculate the width of your spine. Keep in mind that only perfect bound books will have spines.

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Will my ISBN barcode be automatically generated on my one-piece cover?
No. You must include your own bar code for your one-piece cover. Unlike separate front and back covers, your ISBN bar code will not be automatically added to your one-piece cover. It is up to you to add every element you would like to appear on your one-piece cover, as this type of cover allows for total customization.

For more info on generating bar codes, see http://www.cgpp.com/bookland/isbn.html.

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How do I add an image and description to my back cover?
Click the Add back cover photo and description (Optional) link on the first page of the cover wizard. For ideal rendering, your image should be formatted at 675 x 900 pixels. Your description may not exceed 2048 characters. You will be able to see the changes you make in this step when you continue to the second part of the cover process.

When you click Save & Continue from the Cover Images page, you will see the images you chose for your front and back covers. Until you preview the press-ready PDF version of your cover, you will not see your author photo and description rendered on your back cover image.

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How do I customize the colors on my cover?
Colors are defined using hexadecimal (hex) values. If you know your hex values, you can enter them directly in the Background Color and Text Color fields. To help you select a color, the Font & Colors section contains color palettes which can be displayed by clicking on one of the color blocks next to the Background Color and Text Color fields. Click a color in the palette to select its corresponding hex value.

Text Color affects title and author name on the front cover, the text on the spine, and the description on the back cover. If you will be displaying text on both front and back covers, make sure you select a text color that will be readable on both covers.

Background Color affects the background of your spine and any background area that is not covered by an image.

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What do each of the Cover Options do?

  • Display title on front cover. This option will display the title of your book on the front cover with the font and text color options you choose.
  • Display author on front cover. This option will display the author name on the front cover with the font and text color options you choose.
  • Stretch image to fit cover. Lulu will resize your image to fit the cover, but it will not be resized proportionally. (That is, by an equal percentage of height and width.) For best results, use a picture as close to the size and resolution guidelines as you can.
  • Display background color without images. This option will display only the background color you choose and hide the cover images you have selected.

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How do I remove the Lulu logo from the spine?
Displaying the Lulu logo on the spine is optional. To remove it, click the UPDATE COVER button. You should see the full version of your cover, including the spine. You will also see an option at the bottom of the page to Display Lulu logo on spine. Uncheck this box and click UPDATE COVER again. Your cover will be shown with the logo removed.

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How can I make sure my cover will print exactly as I want it to?
As you select or change fonts, colors or cover options, click UPDATE COVER to see the results in the Press-Ready PDF Cover section. Click the View press-ready PDF version link to view the full version of your cover exactly as it will be printed.

To see an even more precise preview, including crop marks that indicate where the cover will be trimmed, click the View larger version with crop marks link. The green border in the preview shows approximately where the cover will be trimmed. This is useful if you want the cover image to "bleed" to the edge.

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Step 5: Price & Finish

Can I make my book available only in print and not for download?
Yes. Books can be made available in one or both formats. Simply check the box in front of each format you would like to offer. Make sure at least one box is checked before completing the publishing process.

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How do I set my royalty and the final price of my book?
At Lulu, you set the royalty for your own work. Instead of charging you for publishing services, Lulu earns a 20% commission on each item sold. (For more details, see How is the Lulu commission calculated?)

Pricing is a simple equation:   Price = Production Cost + Royalty + Lulu Commission (shipping is extra)

  • Downloads have no production costs. Your royalty constitutes 80% of the selling price.
  • Print products have production costs. The selling price of the content reflects the production cost, your royalty and the Lulu commission.
You can also publish your title without a royalty. If you do this, we waive the Lulu commission and the selling price of your title is the production cost. For downloads, the content is free. The Pricing & Royalty section will help you work through selling price and royalty combinations in real-time. When you enter a royalty, the calculator fills in the Lulu commission and price fields. When the Pricing & Royalty section is first displayed in Step 5, the amounts shown are the production costs for each distribution format (print or download). You can
  • Enter a royalty amount and let Lulu calculate the selling prices.
  • Enter a selling price for one format and Lulu calculates your royalty and the other selling price.
  • Enter $0 in the Your Royalty field to reset the amounts back to production costs.

We do not offer dynamic pricing, meaning you cannot set different royalties for each distribution format. Pricing for download and print formats is interrelated; the same royalty and Lulu commission are added to the selling price for each format.

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How is the Lulu commission calculated?
As a creator, you set the amount of royalty on the items you publish. The Lulu commission is 25% of the royalty you set. The Lulu commission therefore equals 20% of the total profit of each item sold.

For example, if your royalty is $4.00, we add a $1.00 Lulu commission. The total profit from the item is $5.00.

$1.00 is 25% of $4.00 (your royalty) and 20% of $5.00 (the total profit).

This leaves 80% of the total profit to you, the creator! In traditional publishing, it's rare for an author to see even 20% of the total markup.

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Will I be able to order my book if it is Available only to me (Published)?
Yes. Making your book Available only to me (Published) will allow you, the creator, to view and purchase your work, but it will not be available for viewing or purchase by others.

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How do I set a license on my work?
Click the SET LICENSE button. Click on the linked name of any of the default licenses to learn more about it. Here is a quick summary of each license:

  • Standard Copyright License: All of your rights under copyright law apply to the work.
  • Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.0: People are allowed to copy, alter, and distribute your work as long as you are given proper credit and the license is attached to the copy.
  • GNU Free Documentation License: This license is similar in scope, but works under this license may be used for commercial purposes.
Lulu offers these three licenses as defaults because they are the most popular options for licensing non-software content on the Web. To use one of these licenses, select its radio button before you click COMPLETE PUBLISH. If none of the default options meets your needs, you can choose from a wider selection by clicking the MORE LICENSES button, or you can specify your own license by clicking USE MY OWN LICENSE.

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Why should I set a license on my work?
There are a number of problems with copyright as it exists in the USA today. The basic issue is this: copyright is automatically applied to any created work, and it lasts for the author's lifetime plus seventy years. This has several negative side effects. It means that a lot of material will simply drop out of sight when it is no longer generating revenue. If the copyright holder does not take steps to ensure that the work enters the public domain, there is every chance it will be lost. It also has the effect of stifling innovation, since creators are not free to make creative use of others' work without seeking permission. In many cases, this is not a huge burden, but for older works it may be difficult or even impossible to find the copyright holder in order to get their permission. The Creative Commons is one of several organizations that seeks to improve this situation while still preserving the protections granted to creators under copyright law. More information about the legal concepts involved in licensing your work is available at http://creativecommons.org/learn/legal/.

In general, licenses provide a way of waiving some of the rights provided by copyright law. For example, you can say that it's OK to make and distribute copies of your work. Under normal circumstances, this would be a violation of your copyright, but with a license you can indicate that you have no problem with people doing this. Some authors have found that giving people the ability to make whatever uses of content that they wish actually boosts sales. Think of it as a way of doing a little guerilla marketing: if people share your work with their friends, you're getting free advertising.

Don't worry about losing sales after setting a license. Even though people can make copies of your work and give them away, those copies aren't likely to be of the same quality as a Lulu book. If people really like your work, chances are good that they'll buy their own copies. Keep in mind, too, that nearly any file can be duplicated. It's almost impossible to prevent that from happening. Doing so usually places a big burden on the customer who purchased your book as a download. What you may want to consider is that getting your book out there and seen is more important than protecting it so fewer people can read it.

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What kinds of licenses can I put on my work?
Lulu offers a range of Creative Commons licenses and GNU licenses under the MORE LICENSES button. For a full explanation of these licenses, see these websites:

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Can I use my own license on my work?
Yes. You are free to create your own license, but if you do, you should post the license text on the web where it can be linked to. Clicking the USE MY OWN LICENSE button lets you specify the name, URL and attributes of the license you wish to use. The attributes you choose must match the terms of your license. They will be considered part of your license, and in any disagreement between the attributes you choose and the text of your license, the attributes you choose will have primacy, since they appear in the HTML header of your content page.

You may also use another Lulu's license. If you enter the URL of a license that another Lulu user has already chosen, the information that has already been entered (title and attributes) will replace the information you submit.

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